Branches: Executive --monarch represented by a governor-general chief of state , prime minister head of government , Cabinet. Legislative --unicameral parliament. Judicial --Joint High Court of Justice appointed by the monarch.
Suffrage: Universal at Real growth rate: 0. Natural resources: Beaches. Major markets --U. Major suppliers --Venezuela Exchange rate : U. Sint Eustatius The first settlement in Sint Eustatius was established in and changed hands between the Dutch, French, and Spanish 22 times in its history.
In the 18th century the island became a duty-free port for overburdened colonizers shipping back to the homeland, which propelled it into a major port with rapid population growth that lost momentum after the American-British peace treaty in Saba Columbus was the first to sight Saba, but it was the Dutch who colonized the island in with a party from Sint Eustacius.
Because of its difficult terrain, the island's growth progressed slowly, and it remains the least populated island in the Dutch Kingdom. Sint Maarten The Dutch were the first to colonize Sint Maarten in , but within 2 years the Spanish invaded and evacuated the settlers.
The Dutch failed in an attempt to regain the island in , but 4 years later the Spanish abandoned the island of their own accord. In the island was divided between the Dutch and the French; however, complete control of the island was seized numerous times in a series of conflicts. The British became involved as well, taking power for 6-year and year stints.
Public education is based on the Dutch educational system, with Dutch as the official language of instruction. The island additionally offers higher education at its offshore medical school, language schools and academies for fine art, music, police, teacher and nurse-training. Learn more about higher education institutions. Additionally, with hospital renovations underway for the main St. Since the introduction of the basic healthcare insurance BVZ in , the island is able to provide all residents with a uniform insurance.
Non-residents, with a labor-contract under civil law and a company subject to payroll taxes are also given access under the BVZ Act. The Kingdom retains authority over foreign affairs, defense, final judicial review, and "Kingdom matters" including human rights and good governance. Aruba was part of this federation until January 1, , when it gained status apart within the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
The Jewish community is the oldest in the Western Hemisphere, dating back to While faltering economic conditions caused the Netherlands Antilles to experience high rates of migration by citizens to the Netherlands from , this trend has largely been reversed in recent years.
At the time, the Charter represented an end to colonial relations and the acceptance of a new legal system in which each nation would look after their own interests independently, look after their common interests on the basis of equality and provide each other with mutual assistance. In , Suriname left the Kingdom's political alliance. Since , Aruba has had separate status within the Kingdom and is no longer part of the Netherlands Antilles. The Netherlands Antilles enjoys semi-autonomy on most internal matters and defers to the Kingdom of the Netherlands in matters of defense, foreign policy, final judicial review, human rights, and good governance.
The Antilles is governed by a popularly elected unicameral "Staten" parliament of 22 members. It chooses a prime minister called minister president and a Council of Ministers, consisting of six to eight other ministers.
A governor, who serves a 6-year term, represents the monarch of the Netherlands. Local government is assigned authority independently on each island. Under the direction of a kingdom-appointed island governor, these local governments have a "Bestuurscollege" administrative body made up of commissioners who head the separate governmental departments.
Goedgedrag Prime Minister--Emily S. Leeflang Minister of Finance--Ersilia T. Tromp Attorney General--Dick A. Former Prime Minister Etienne Ys had earlier stepped down as party leader. Voters in the Netherlands Antilles have opted to dismantle the Netherlands Antilles and create new structures between the various islands and the Kingdom. Maarten and Curacao have opted for an autonomous country status within the Kingdom similar to Aruba's status. Under the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of , the island colonies were returned to the Netherlands.
However, this arrangement proved to be unsuccessful and was partially reverted in Among the islands of the Netherland Antilles, Aruba seceded in and became a constituent country under the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
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